The main question behind the work presented here is: How can agricultural greenhouse gas emissions be reduced or sequestration enhanced while maintaining and even increasing food supply. To address this question we first estimate the business-as-usual emissions of greenhouse gases from the agricultural sector using the IPCC framework for four East African countries—Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, and five West African countries—Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, and Senegal. This is followed by an analysis of mitigation options in the agricultural sector for the nine focal countries with estimations of the quantity of CO2e/ha that could be sequestered above businessas-usual for each potential mitigation option.