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Variation in the Fusarium section Liseola: pathogenicity and genetic studies of isolates of Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon from different hosts in Ghana

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Publication date
26/04/1995
Number of Pages
11
Language:
English
Type of Publication:
Articles & Journals
Focus Region:
Sub-Saharan Africa
Focus Topic:
Health & Diseases
Type of Risk:
Biological & environmental
Type of Risk Managment Option:
Risk assessment
Commodity:
Other
Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb01678.x
Author
Amoah, B.K.; MacDonald, M.V.; Nicholson, P.; Rezanoor, H.N.
Organization
University of Cambridge

Fusarium moniliforme, the imperfect stage of the ascomycete Gibberella fujikuroi, is an economically important pathogen with a very wide host range. The genetic characteristics of isolates of the fungus collected from different regions of Ghana from maize, rice and sorghum were determined using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. The pathogenicity of the isolates was also compared on maize and rice. DNA fingerprints detected as RFLPs of ribosomal DNA and RAPDs separated the isolates into discrete groups which were generally host-related. The possibility of a sub-structuring of the maize population of the fungus into tissue-related subgroups was suggested by the results. A dendrogram of the relatedness of the isolates is presented. However, the pathogenicity of the isolates on rice, measured by their ability to cause “bakanae” symptoms, did not resolve the isolates into the clearly defined groups suggested by the genetic studies, and maize isolates of the fungus could cause “bakanae” symptoms to the same extent as rice isolates. Similarly, some isolates identified as rice-type isolates caused as much shoot stunting in maize as maize isolates. However, the effects of the isolates on root growth of maize seedlings showed a broad correlation with the defined genetic groups, with maize isolates of the fungus showing the greatest tendency to cause root stunting.