A number of empirical and theoretical contributions for analyzing costs and benefits of control and prevention of animal diseases in the developed and developing countries from the literature are reviewed. The purpose of this literature review is to assess the various ways that have been used to quantify costs and benefits of different control and prevention measures associated with diseases with the aim of identifying an appropriate methodology for analyzing the mitigations measures used to control/prevent Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in the study countries.